Callus Induction and Somatic Embryogenesis from Maize Mature Embryos (zea Mays L.)

Ten maize lines prevalently used by breeders in the maize program were screened for their ability to form type II callus. Mature seeds were used as explant for in vitro culturing. Inbred lines showed high embryogenic response and formed friable, type II calli. And also exhibited successful plant regeneration. Various culture media compositions based on Murashige and Skoog (1962) salts thus investigated differed with respect to the combinations of concentrations of auxins (picloram, 2, 4-D) and cytokinins (kinetin). Highest percent callus induction and subsequent somatic embryogenesis were observed on MS medium supplemented with picloram. The embryogenic calli were maintained and multiplied on medium containing reduced levels of auxins. Embryogenesis was characteristed, using callus morphology such as colour/nodulation and scanning electron microscopy. This inbred is considered suitable for further evaluation using a transformation system